Using noble metal-free catalysts is highly promising for sunlight-driven photocatalytic H 2 production. Copper compounds have gained considerable interest in this regard. Cu 2 O/semiconductor composites exhibit superior photocatalytic activity compared to individual compounds. This study focuses on different Cu X O/TiO 2 composites synthesized via chemical reduction, using Cu 2 O weight ratios ranging from 1 to 0.05 concerning the TiO 2 source. Characterization techniques were employed, including XRD, SEM, XPS, UV-Vis DRS, PL, and TRMC. Surface modification of TiO 2 with Cu species (CuO, Cu 2 O, and Cu 0) was observed during the photocatalytic reforming of methanol under simulated solar light. By loading small amounts of Cu X O (0.05-0.1%) on TiO 2, the highest H 2 production and methanol mineralization were achieved, along with the formation of metallic copper. The coexistence of the Cu species and TiO 2 facilitated the effective separation of photogenerated electrons and holes, promoting the photoreduction of protons and photooxidation of methanol, respectively.